Gastrin, secretin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP) are four peptide hormones secreted by endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The formation of RBC is called erythropoiesis.
Erythropoietin secreted by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney, functions by triggering the RBC production in the bone marrow, especially when the oxygen level in the blood reduces. Hormones of KidneyĮrythropoietin (EPO), is another peptide hormone secreted by a non-endocrine tissue, kidney. In response to the high blood pressure, cardiac cells secrete Atrial natriuretic factor which leads to vasodilatation (dilation of the blood vessels) and thus, decreases the blood pressure. The atrial natriuretic factor is a potential vasodilator, it dilates the blood vessels to reduce the pressure.
Heart cells of atrial walls release this hormone to regulate the blood volume and arterial blood pressure. Hormones of HeartĪtrial natriuretic factor (ANF) also called atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), is a peptide hormone which is secreted by cardiac cells of the body. A hormone secretion has two sites.įor instance, the adrenal gland located on the top of kidneys (site of release) synthesizes adrenaline hormone which acts on the receptors at target sites such as the heart, trachea, muscle cells, etc. However, the tissues/ organs other than the endocrine glands also secrete hormones for the regulation of their activities. It is a fundamental element of the endocrine system.
Hormones by Non-Endocrine TissuesĪ hormone is a chemical messenger produced by an organism which signals and regulates the body’s metabolism. Let us have a glance at the hormones of heart, kidney, and gastrointestinal tract in the coming lines. Even though hormones secreted in the body are mainly contributed by the endocrine glands, organs such as the brain, heart, lungs, kidneys, liver, placenta, etc. Endocrine glands coordinate and control the body metabolism by their secretions called hormones. These systems are in charge of control and coordination in animals. Nervous system together with the endocrine system regulates the body homeostasis.
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